PPARγ agonists are reported to attenuate inflammatory responses in mouse models of PD, as measured by reductions in microgliosis and astrogliosis (Dehmer et al., 2004; Breidert et al., 2002; Schintu et al., 2009; Carta et al., 2011), and therefore the neuroprotective actions of PPARγ agonists are primarily considered to result from their anti-inflammatory actions. The gene discussed is PPARG; the disease is Parkinson disease.