AGT and hypertensive disorder: Full dose response studies for the Ang II- and aldosterone-induced models of hypertension will shed light on whether male-female differences in blood pressure are due to sex differences in the dose that elicits the maximum MAP response (Emax) or in the effective concentration that achieves fifty percent of the maximum response (EC50); however, ceiling effects may confound such studies since the frequency of strokes and seizures resulting in the animal's death markedly increases with advancing hypertension.