RAD51D and ovarian carcinoma: Although not statistically significant, these numbers support the findings of Loveday et al (2011), indicating that two cases of ovarian cancer in a family are required to provide a greater than 1% chance of identifying a mutation in RAD51D. Moreover, in cases where the individual with ovarian carcinoma is not available for testing, it will be important to test the person closest in relationship to an ovarian carcinoma case, irrespective of whether they are affected by cancer or not (Table 1A).