The mutation frequency observed in patients with unselected or hereditary breast cancer only was not significantly different from that observed in population controls, suggesting that mutations in RAD51C do not increase the risk of breast cancer per se (Meindl et al, 2010; Pelttari et al, 2011; Romero et al, 2011; Vuorela et al, 2011; Thompson et al, 2012). This evidence concerns the gene RAD51C and breast carcinoma.