Of the 19,921 individuals from resource-rich countries, we excluded: 12,910 who had seroconverted before 2000, 4,901 who were not infected through sex between men and women, 519 who had one or no CD4 counts while ART-naïve and AIDS-free, 374 who were from non-European cohorts, and 2 who were aged <15 years. Here, CD4 is linked to AIDS.