Advances in the understanding of HH have been obtained over the years: association of the HFE p.Cys282Tyr as the main mutation involved, genetic markers for juvenile hemochromatosis and several pathogenic mutations associated with non-HFE HH, hepcidin as an iron hormone, new techniques for the laboratorial evaluation, and increased knowledge about HH management. This evidence concerns the gene HAMP and hemochromatosis.