A total of 31 patients, 25 GBM and 6 AA, were assigned to one of four dose groups in a dose-escalation fashion: 6 μg/mL in 40 mL, 9 μg/mL in 40 mL, 15 μg/mL in 40 mL, or 9 μg/mL in 100 mL of IL-4(37-38)-PE38KDEL administered intratumorally via stereotactically placed catheters [42, 43]. Here, IL4 is linked to glioblastoma.