Similar levels of caspase-1 activity were obtained in a study involving anakinra administration to arthritis patients where caspase-1 activity increased by 1.5 folds in absence of anakinra in the blood samples of patients with respect to healthy subjects [41] suggesting the physiological relevance of 2-fold increase in caspase-1 activity. The gene discussed is CASP1; the disease is arthritic joint disease.