The increase in MAF, a molecule that plays a role in increased T cell apoptosis as well as in the production of IL-4 and IL-10 (a prominent regulatory cytokine in filarial infection [19]), but inhibits production of IFN-γ and IL-12 [38], supports previous findings of an increased production of IL-4 IL-13 and IL-10 in microfilaremic loiasis patients [39]. The gene discussed is MAF; the disease is loiasis.