As shown in Figure 1A, infection with Ad-DN-JNK1 alone did not modulate RPMC morphology, as epithelial cell morphology with a cobblestone-like growth pattern was observed in the Ad-control and Ad-DN-JNK1-infected cells in the absence of TGF-β1 treatment (Figure 1A, a and b). Here, TGFB1 is linked to infection.