Maternal treatment regimens were linked to disease status, and although CD4 cell counts were similar for HAART-treated and non-treated women, we cannot exclude underlying disease severity as a potential confounder of stillbirth etiology (HAART-treated women were likely to have had a CD4 <250 cells/mm3 or AIDS-defining illness at HAART initiation, but this could not be documented from available records). The gene discussed is CD4; the disease is Stillbirth.