In regards to building the Stage 2 model, because the GAW17 answers provided only a list of the nine genes simulated to be associated with Q1, we used the pathway database of the Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) (http://www.genome.jp/kegg/pathway.html; VEGF Signaling, Cytokine-Cytokine Receptor Interaction, Pathways in Cancer) to better understand the biological relationships between the nine genes. Here, VEGFA is linked to cancer.