As shown in Figure 2D, activation of the CXCR4/CXCL12 signaling pathway significantly increases the CD44+/CD133+ population for both PC3 and DU145 prostate cancer cell lines in a dose dependent manner (up to 3.5-fold and 2.6-fold increase, respectively). This evidence concerns the gene CXCL12 and Familial prostate cancer.