Compared to the cataract group, there was a significantly higher proportion of samples with measurable concentrations of the following cytokines in the glaucoma group: IL-2 (p=0.008), IL-6 (p=0.014), IL-10 (p=0.015), IL-12 (p=0.020), IFN-γ (p=0.000), IFN-α (p=0.002), IL-1β (p=0.019), IL-7 (p=0.002), GM-CSF (p=0.015), IL-9 (p=0.046), and CXCL9 (p=0.003; χ2 test). Here, IL9 is linked to glaucoma.