As a result, inflammation diseases, especially disorders of the immune system such as rheumatoid arthritis [31], progressive systemic sclerosis [32], Chug-Straus syndrome, Wegener's granulomatosis, and microscopic polyangiitis [33], as well as systemic inflammatory response syndrome (SIRS) [29, 34], result in increased expression of plasma PTX3. Here, PTX3 is linked to systemic inflammatory response syndrome.