Our results also suggest the following points: (a) the presence of elevated p210 IgM titers in all 3 groups of mice suggests that atherosclerosis is associated with an endogenous p210 humoral immune response; (b) CD8+ T cell response and p210 IgG titer could be used as markers for an immune response to p210 but only CD8+ T cell response would be an immune marker for efficacy against atherosclerosis. Here, CD40LG is linked to atherosclerosis.