The inflammatory response that occurs around dead or dying T. crassiceps cysts can be separated into early stage and late stage granulomas based on the extent of destruction of the parasite, their cytokine profile, and their pattern of SP peptide production [20], [21]; early stage granulomas contain parasite remnants, produce Th1 cytokines, and SP peptide while late stage granulomas contain neither parasite remnants nor SP and produce IL-4 in addition to Th1 cytokines [20], [21]. The gene discussed is IL4; the disease is Granuloma.