BRAF and melanoma: Activating mutations in KRAS for example are present in ∼90% of pancreatic cancers, ∼20% of CRC and ∼35% of NSCLC with B-RAF mutations present in ∼20–60% of melanomas, 35–70% of papillary thyroid and ∼12% of CRC (Sebolt-Leopold and Herrera, 2004).