VEGFA and neoplasm: Therefore, since recent studies have suggested that solid tumour angiogenesis and growth is highly dependent on non-tumour cells in the tumour microenvironment, particularly inflammatory cells of the myeloid lineage, which are known to be important sources of VEGF (Murdoch et al, 2008), an effect by TB-403 on macrophage recruitment and activation may provide therapeutic benefit in certain stages of tumour progression and should be further examined in future studies.