VEGFA and neoplasm: It is also upregulated in human tumours after radio-immunotherapy (Taylor et al, 2003), as well as during treatment with VEGF(R) inhibitors, suggesting a mechanism of resistance (Willett et al, 2005, 2009; Deprimo et al, 2007; Rini et al, 2008; Dror Michaelson et al, 2009; Kopetz et al, 2010; Gerstner et al, 2011).