To determine whether IL-1β/TGF-β-induced neurospheres possessed typical GSC properties, such as drug resistance and invasiveness, we first compared the cytotoxic effect of temozolomide, a chemotherapeutic agent for human glioblastomas, on control monolayer LN-229 cells and IL-1β/TGF-β-induced neurospheres. The gene discussed is TGFB1; the disease is glioblastoma.