VHL and neoplasm: Independent studies have reported hypermethylation of atleast one of a set of different genes (VHL, p16/INK4a, p14ARF, APC, RASSF-1A, TIMp-3, MGMT, GSTP1, CDH1, and ARF RARbeta2) in over 95% of tumor samples representing all major biological and histological types, grades and stages compared to no methylation in corresponding normal renal or urethral tissues.