PTX3 and atherosclerosis: In a subgroup of the Cardiovascular Health Study high baseline PTX3 levels were linked with the subsequent risk of cardiovascular and all cause death.[11] In line with the latter, as well as two very recent publications [29], [30], PTX3 levels were not associated with early stage atherosclerosis (IMT) in the Bruneck, ARMY and ARFY studies (Table 3).