ITGAM and Sepsis: Although the understanding of underlying mechanisms by which Gu-4 protects mice from endotoxemia and sepsis requires systemic investigation, our in vitro data support the hypothesis that Gu-4 inhibits the leukocyte-endothelial cell adhesion by modulation of the affinity and avidity of leukocyte integrin CD11b and alleviates the inflammatory response and organ injury, thereby providing therapeutic effects to animals.