CD274 and infection: BALB/c mice treated with either α-CTLA-4 (20/20; 100%) or α-PD-L1 (20/22; 90.9%) developed classical neurological signs of ECM and were euthanised on days 7–8 post-infection or days 8–10 post-infection, respectively, whereas control mice (treated with rat IgG or PBS) survived for up to two weeks and were euthanised due to severe anaemia (Figure 3A, B).