Overall, our results showing that DQB1*0602 but not DRB1*1501 determines pathogenic autoimmunity against PLP as well as against MOBP [28] in the HLA-Tg mice suggest a differential, functional role for DQB1*0602 as a predisposing allele in MS, to a greater extent than previously perceived. The gene discussed is HLA-DRB1; the disease is Autoimmunity.