In agreement with previous findings [29], [30] we found that protein levels of the IFN-γ-inducible chemokine CXCL10 were significantly increased in plasma from patients with HAM/TSP compared to ACs; however, IFN-α2, IFN-β, IFN-λ and IFN-γ protein levels were not elevated (Figure S6). This evidence concerns the gene IFNB1 and tropical spastic paraparesis.