223576 to CF; University of Bologna Grant “Ricerca Fondamentale Orientata (RFO ex 60%) 2008” to CF and SS; NIH grant R01AG028687 to IBR; Roberto and Cornelia Pallotti Legacy for Cancer Research Grants to SS; University of Bologna “Progetti Strategici” 2006 grant (“p53 e patologie non neoplastiche nell'anziano: uno studio multidisciplinare sul ruolo del polimorfismo al codone 72 del gene TP53”) to SS. The gene discussed is TP53; the disease is cystic fibrosis.