Although a normal serum AFP concentration (10–20 ng/mL) has been observed in 20% of HCC patients, an AFP concentration > 400 ng/mL in a patient with liver cirrhosis or chronic hepatitis (basic-resource level, level 2a evidence) [22] and a mass larger than 2 cm in a patient with an AFP > 200 ng/dL are considered diagnostic of HCC [23]. Here, AFP is linked to hepatocellular carcinoma.