Furthermore, a proline-rich tyrosine kinase (PTK2B alias PYK2) in the EIAN, up-regulated during CDC1551 infection of BMM, has been shown to mediate the NADPH oxidase-dependent generation of reactive oxygen intermediates (ROI) and Pyk2-KO mice showed defective ROI production and associated host pro-inflammatory molecules, including TNF-α and MCP-1 [36]. This evidence concerns the gene PTK2B and infection.