TNF and Sepsis: IL-6 (Figure 2) was significantly higher in the 10% HES200 group compared to all other groups two hours after sepsis induction and TNF-α increased significantly in the 10% HES200 group (4,122 ± 1,417 pg/ml; P < 0.05) compared to all other groups (6% HES130 1,199 ± 1,237 pg/ml; 4% gelatin 1,939 ± 1,691 pg/ml; RAc 1,101 ± 498 pg/ml; SHAM 285 ± 385 pg/ml) two hours after sepsis induction (Table 2).