To further explore the cytokine profiles during HIV-1 infection, we measured the expression of the transcription factors reported to be associated with different T-cell lineages, i.e. T-bet, GATA-3, Foxp3 and ROR-γt that are expressed by Th1, Th2, Treg and Th17 respectively. This evidence concerns the gene GATA3 and HIV-1 infection.