MMP9 and neoplasm: Recently, fusion of PEX domain with the N-terminal signal peptide of MMP-9 and stable transfection of SNB19 cells with the fusion construct showed secretion of PEX domain, and the cultured condition medium when treated to endothelial cells showed down regulation of MMP-9, VEGF and VEGFR2, induced cell cycle arrest and activated caspases-3, -8 and -9 besides PARP cleavage indicating onset of apoptosis and eventually leading to a significant reduction in tumor volume [139].