BDKRB1 and Hyperglycemia: The BK metabolites, des-Arg9-BK and Lys-des-Arg10-BK, are the preferential agonists of B1R. Whereas the B1R is virtually absent in healthy conditions, it is upregulated after exposure to pro-inflammatory cytokines, bacterial endotoxins and hyperglycaemia-induced oxidative stress [7-10].