PCNA and infection: As shown in Figure 5A and 5B, western blotting showed increased PCNA expression from day8 (∼1.49-fold) to 180 (∼2.52-fold) which peaked at day90 (∼2.54-fold) post-infection; it then decreased to the baseline at days 270 (∼1.33-fold) and 360 (∼1.19-fold).