Asymptomatic urinary tract infection was associated with elevation of interferon-γ, IL-18 and monocyte chemotactic protein-1, whereas complicated urinary tract infection with struvite formation was characterised by increased IL-1α, IL-1β and growth related oncogene/keratinocyte chemoattractant (analogous to human IL-8). The gene discussed is IL1B; the disease is urinary tract infection.