Three kinds of compound inhibiting PDE4 were chosen: an anti-inflammatory compound, pentoxifylline, delivered on the pharmaceutical market as Torental® that has previously been studied in MRL/lpr mice [23] and mice with 16/6 Id-induced experimental lupus [24]; denbufylline, a xanthine analogue of pentoxifylline known as PDE4 inhibitor [9], [10] with anti-TNFα property [25], [26] and NCS 613, an adenine analogue, designed and synthesized in our laboratory. This evidence concerns the gene PDE4A and systemic lupus erythematosus.