MAPK3 and prostate carcinoma: Of the down regulated genes - Nsd1, which is related to acute myeloid leukemia and prostate cancer [14]; Tgfb-inducible Fbln5, which are important in cell growth, migration and cell adhesion [15]; Taok3 (Tao kinase 3), which has been reported to activate ERK1/ERK2 [16]; and Pim3 (Pim3 kinase) which has been reported to positively regulate cell proliferation and survival, down regulation of which might contribute significantly to increased apoptosis in p85α-deficient cells are of significance for future studies [17].