The IL-8 receptor CXCR1 is rarely expressed in benign epithelial cells, its expression is increased in PIN (pancreatic invasive neoplasm), and further increase in invasive tumor suggests paracrine mechanism where IL-8 produced by the NE tumor cells may promote the proliferation of the non-NE tumor cells in the absence of androgen [142]. This evidence concerns the gene CXCR1 and neoplasm.