Furthermore, both studies used different experimental methodologies that may have directly impacted on the results, including method of monocyte isolation (unmanipulated PBMC vs. positive selection of monocytes), different ICs (HAG vs. ACPA-containing ICs derived from RA patients) and the measurement of intracellular TNF after 4 hours by flow cytometry compared with TNF release into the culture supernatant at 24 hours by ELISA. This evidence concerns the gene PRTN3 and rheumatoid arthritis.