CSF3R and acute promyelocytic leukemia: Moreover, a high frequency of EMD in APL may also be related to the ATRA-induced upregulation of G-CSF receptors in APL cells, making them more sensitive to endogenous or exogenous G-CSF effects.15 Other described sites of EMD in APL include: the testes, sites of vascular access, external ear and auditory canal, lung, pleura, heart, lymph nodes, mediastinum, thymus, spine, breast, pelvis, mandible and gingiva, bowel.