Genetic variation at the NPSR1 locus (MIM 608595) is associated in humans with predisposition to inflammatory diseases such as asthma (MIM 600807), inflammatory bowel disease (IBD [MIM 266600]) and rheumatoid arthritis (RA [MIM 180300]), intermediate phenotypes of functional gastrointestinal disorders, and panic disorders (MIM 167870);[11], [12], [14]–[19] that is, in several conditions where alterations of NPSR1 signalling properties or expression may have important pathogenetic consequences by way of dysregulating immune- or neuroendocrine-related NPS-NPSR1 system function(s). The gene discussed is NPSR1; the disease is panic disorder.