VCP and cancer: We verified elevated VCP protein expression not only in human adeno(AD)- and squamous(SQ)-NSCLC tissues (Figure 1) but also in the NSCLC cell lines A549, H1229 and H1944 (Figure 4a) as compared to non-cancer, HBE (>5-fold) or Beas2b (≥2-fold) cell lines.