Charlton et al. identified lumican, a 40 kDa keratin sulfate proteoglycan, as significantly increased in liver tissue from patients with mild NASH (NASH with F0/F1 fibrosis) versus simple steatosis, and in patients with progressive NASH (NASH with F2-F4 fibrosis) versus mild NASH in obese patients, when analyzed with LC-Q-TOF MS/MS. This evidence concerns the gene LUM and metabolic dysfunction-associated steatohepatitis.