The HIV/leprosy-infected individuals showed a significant reduction in CD4+ T cell absolute counts (p<0.05) regardless of VL levels (group 1 median: 336 cells/mm3; group 2 median: 341 cells/mm3; group 3 median: 285 cells/mm3) in comparison to the leprosy patients (median: 1079 cells/mm3) and the healthy controls (median: 813 cells/mm3). This evidence concerns the gene CD4 and leprosy.