For the fibrogenic axes genes, the mRNA transcript levels for TGF-β1 were lower in the cultures from IPF patients compared to the infected primary cultures from healthy donors with ratio of the means 0.01 (p = 0.439), as well as for FGF with ratio of the means 0.03 (p = 0.463). Here, TGFB1 is linked to idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis.