TGFB1 and colitis: However, one limitation to our study is that these mice also develop systemic disease such as colitis and infiltration of the lungs; despite this multi system inflamamtion, they have been used with success to evaluate the effects of defective TGF-β signaling in generation of Th-17 cells and on disease severity in autoimmune models such as EAE, an animal model of multiple sclerosis [18], [31].