PPARG and thyroid cancer: Figure 5(a) shows that the PPARγ-depleted flank tumors were significantly smaller compared with scrambled controls (7.3 ± 3.7 mm3 versus 21.4 ± 4.7 mm3, P = 0.023, two-tailed t-test). Injecting tumor cells orthotopically directly into the thyroid represents an in vivo site that more closely mimics thyroid cancer in the native environment.  Figure 5(b) shows that PPARγ-depleted ATC tumors were also significantly smaller than scrambled controls in this orthotopic model (12.2 ± 5.4 mm3 versus 47.2 ± 11.2 mm3, P = 0.049, two-tailed t-test).