Antibodies against the ligand binding domain of EGFR (Erbitux) or small molecules that inhibit the EGFR tyrosine kinase activity (Gefitinib, Erlotinib) have been developed as therapeutic agents for treatment of EGFR driven tumours and these reagents are successfully employed in the clinic, especially against subsets of patients with NSCLC. The gene discussed is EGFR; the disease is non-small cell lung carcinoma.