PMEL and melanoma: These results have been confirmed recently in the first randomized phase 3 trial [115] in patients with previously treated advanced melanoma with ipilimumab significantly prolonging median overall survival both as a single agent (10.1 months; P < 0.003) and combined with a gp100 vaccine (10.0 months; P < 0.001) compared with vaccine control (6.4 months).