However, the relationships between glycemic control, levels of EPCs and arterial stiffness are unknown.<h4>Methods</h4>We measured circulating EPCs and brachial-ankle pulse wave velocity (baPWV) in 234 patients with type 2 DM and compared them with 121 age- and sex-matched controls.<h4>Results</h4>Patients with DM had significantly lower circulating Log CD34/KDR+ and Log CD133/KDR+ EPC counts, and higher Log baPWV compared with controls (all P < 0.05). This evidence concerns the gene KDR and diabetes mellitus.