Further, mice with a genetic deletion of LRP1 in vascular smooth muscle cells on an LDLr-deficient background demonstrated nuclear accumulation of phosphorylated Smad2/3 in the aorta [31], revealing that in an atherosclerosis model, smooth muscle cell LRP1 suppresses the TGF-β signaling pathway. The gene discussed is TGFB1; the disease is atherosclerosis.